Traditional Knowledge

History of Pejongkeran and Captain Jonker

Perhaps not many people know that in the Marunda area, Tanjung Priok there was once an area called Pejongkeran or Pajongkoran. The name of the area was taken from the name of a "champion" from Maluku, namely Captain Jonker Jouwa de Manipa. His popular name is Jonker, Yongker or Tete Jonker. His real name is Ahmad Sangadji Kawasa. He was born around 1620-the 1630s on Manipa Island, West Seram, Maluku Islands, and was born into a noble family. At that time the Kawasa family and the Sultanate of Ternate were highly respected before being conquered by the Dutch VOC.

Manipa Island is an abundant producer of cloves and spices, which attracted the interest of the Dutch VOC trading partnership to conquer the area to carry out a trade monopoly. The natives fought. When there was a war of occupation, the Kawasa family who had resisted were eventually captured and became slaves to the VOC. The only way to be free from slavery was to become a VOC soldier. The offer to become a military officer working for the VOC was accepted by Ahmad Sangadji. At that time he was often called Jonker which was taken from a term in Europe that referred to a noble's son who became a military soldier. Jonker's career as a VOC soldier rapidly accelerated from vandrig (young lieutenant) to captain (captain), in line with the assignment missions that were completed both at home and abroad. For example in Timor, Sri Lanka, Padang, Jambi, Palembang, Banten, Makassar and East Java.

On August 14, 1656, Jonker was first stationed in Batavia. Under his service and dedication to the VOC, Jonker was given land in Marunda, Cilincing, North Jakarta. Together with his troops, he inhabited the place which later became popular with the name Pejongkeran or Pajongkoran.

At that time, Jonker's peak career was being a confidant of the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Cornelis Speelman who was in power in Batavia from 1681 to 1684. After Speelman died, at the elite level of the Dutch VOC and the Dutch East Indies Council, the issue of racism and treason began. The real issue is addressed to Jonker and then becomes a target to be killed. The issue was raised by Major Isaac de St Martin who was also a member of the Council of the Dutch East Indies. It is believed, that Jonker has heard the news about the skewed issue addressed to him. But he and his army had not moved. However, due to the intrigue and the issue getting louder, Jonker and his troops were provoked. On this basis, the VOC and the Dutch East Indies Government in Batavia then counterattacked Jonker and his troops.

On August 23, 1689, there was a battle around the Marunda River, between the VOC troops led by Captain Sloot and the troops of Lieutenant Holscher and Jonker and his troops. Due to outnumbered troops, the fate of Jonker and his followers ended tragically. Nevertheless, the name Jonker became a legend that always lived, especially for the people of Ambon. Even in the belief of some Ambonese people, Jonker is not dead, but he has turned into a dove. That's why, the Ambonese military soldiers, believed in the myth that if a pair of pigeons crossed a pair of pigeons on the way to battle, then the troops would win. They believe that a pair of pigeons are the incarnations of Tete and Nene Jonker. Jonker's grave, located in Alfa Harbor, a container area in Marunda, is often visited by people, especially Ambonese. In addition to praying, the pilgrims who come hope to be given strength. The tomb of Captain Jonker was built in the 1970s its management is under the North Jakarta City Administration Culture Sub-dept. In 1993 the tomb was designated as a cultural heritage site which was later extended in 2005.

Bujaka - Aplikasi Budaya Jakarta

DINAS KEBUDAYAAN PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Jalan Gatot Subroto Kav. 40-41 Lt. 11 dan 12
Kelurahan Kuningan Timur, Kecamatan Setiabudi
Jakarta Selatan
DKI Jakarta, 12950
(021) 252-3164
dinaskebudayaandki@gmail.com