The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UN) has designated the Pencak Silat Tradition as an Intangible Cultural Heritage (WBTb). The decision was made at the 14th Session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, which took place in Bogota, Colombia, 9-14 December 2019.
Based on information released by the Office of the Permanent Delegation of the Republic of Indonesia to UNESCO (KWRIU) on February 21, 2020, at the trial there were 42 nominations to be inscribed as WBTb, including the Pencak Silat tradition from Indonesia. During the session, 24 member countries of the Committee discussed six In need of Urgent Safeguarding nominations, 42 Representative List nominations, and three proposals for the register of Good Safeguarding Practices.
UNESCO recognizes that Pencak Silat has become the identity and unification of the Indonesian nation. The Pencak Silat tradition contains the values ​​of friendship, and mutual respect and promotes social cohesion. Therefore, UNESCO assesses that the Pencak Silat tradition can be adopted and developed well in various regions in Indonesia. UNESCO assesses the Pencak Silat Tradition as WBTb from four aspects, namely self-defense, sports, culture, and spirituality.
Indonesia as the proposing country has made efforts, starting by collecting and submitting data, holding various workshops, as well as preparing and negotiating nomination documents. Pencak Silat is proposed to UNESCO by the Government through the Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Diplomacy, Directorate General of Culture, and Ministry of Education and Culture. Before being proposed to the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee (ICH) list, a cultural heritage first goes through the Recording and Determination stage. The UNESCO Secretariat underlined the importance of cultural databases and the process of inventorying cultural wealth, including Pencak Silat. This can be carried out with good cooperation between all parties, both the government, the community, and academics related to traditional martial arts.
The determination process begins with a proposal from the Provincial Culture Office to the Ministry of Education and Culture. The proposal is then discussed by a team of WBTb experts and will be on trial to be later designated as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia. Until 2019, the Ministry of Education and Culture has set as many as 1,086 WBTb Indonesia.
Meanwhile, Pencak Silat from various provinces that have been designated as WBTb Indonesia, including Pencak Silat from West Java, Silek Minang from West Sumatra, Silek Tigo Bulan from Riau, Pencak Silat Bandrong from Banten, Beksi Silatand Silat Cingkrik from DKI Jakarta. Well, cultural friends, if you don't know the diversity of Jakarta or Betawi Pencak Silat traditions, here's the information.

Beksi Silat or “Maen Pukulan”
The name of the Beksi Silat school is said to have been taken from the Chinese language, namely Bie Sie. Bie means defense and Sie means four, meaning defense of the four directions. Some people think that the founder of the Beksi Silat sect was Lie Tjeng Hok (1854-1951), a Chinese descendant from a farming family. His ancestors are thought to have come from Amoy (Xiamen), China. He combined his family's martial arts knowledge with knowledge from Betawi teachers and taught it to the students of coastal Betawi and Benteng Chinese around Kampung Dadap. Later, this silat style also spread to the South Petukangan area, South Jakarta, and the Batujaya area, Batuceper, and Tangerang. In addition, several sources interpret Beksi as an acronym for 'Bless You To Your Fellow People'. This is a call for the application of good deeds that must be carried out after one learns Beksi.
G.J Nawi (2016) in his work entitled Maen Punch Pencak Silat Khas Betawi mentions that the background of the birth of the silat school was a form of Betawi people's resistance to colonial rule. However, the Betawi people use punches not to attack but to defend themselves. The first, the Betawi people's tradition, usually after reading the Koran or studying religious knowledge, is followed by learning self-defense. And the teacher usually provides it to the santri or his students.
Initially, this Beksi Silat stance was dominated by physical contact with unarmed hand movements, but footwork or kicks were also developed as variations of the silat stance. In his book, GJ Nawi also explains, that the technique of playing the punch has experienced rapid development or other variations of movement. It is said that there are at least 317 Betawi punches. These include Beksi, Cingkrik, Mustika Kwitang, Pusaka Djakarta, Troktok, and Sabeni Tenabang sects. Each stream certainly has a different stance.
As reported by setubabakanbetawi.com, Beksi Silat is a martial art that combines art, beauty, and accuracy in achieving targets, strength, speed, and dynamics in tactical motion and hitting. The whole of the above science and art is summarized and arranged neatly through the dimensions of the stance, attack motion, punches, and hard elbows which are their characteristics. This pattern is what distinguishes Beksi's martial arts from other martial arts. In Beksi martial arts, some moves have their characteristics. Jurus Beksi is famous for punches and kicks that are hard, fast, concise, and aim at places that kill the opponent's body. In Beksi's martial arts, before learning a move, a new fighter usually follows a student acceptance requirement called Rosulan or Ngerosul, which is an activity or ritual in the form of tawasul accompanied by remembrance of tahlil praying to God. This is intended so that in learning the Beksi martial art they are given ease, strength, fortitude, and patience. In the path of Beksi, many movements stomp the feet on the floor, which are called gedig and very fast hand movements. Therefore it is recommended to stare and not blink in anticipation of the opponent's movement.

Cingkrik Silat
The forerunner of silat from Rawa Belong has the title 'Lu Jual Gue Beli', which is the hallmark of this silat style. Cingkrik's movement is relying on graceful hand movements and the speed of foot movements. This flow is one of more than 300 silat schools in Betawi. This style of silat can be found in the Rawa Belong area, West Jakarta. The figure of Si Pitung is said to be one of the figures who practice and teach Cingkrik Silat. As reported by setubabakanbetawi.com, the Cingkrik Silat schools that still exist today are the Cingkrik Goning and Cingkrik Sinan schools. The name of the school was taken from the names of its heirs, namely Engkong Goning and Engkong Sinan.
The character of his martial technique is to rely on takedowns or slams. Cingkrik Goning, for example, has 80 slamming techniques that can be learned to completion. Two great teachers of Cingkrik, namely Engkong Goning and Engkong Sinan had students who passed on this martial art to the younger generation. The heir of Cingrik Goning now is Tb. Bambang Sudradjat who trains at the Taman Mini Indonesia Pencak Silat Padepokan. Meanwhile, Cingkrik Sinan continues to survive and thrive in Rawa Belong and its surroundings. The successor who currently stands out is Bang Bachtiar.

Tiga Berantai Silat
Of course, you already know, Uwais Qorni or Iko Uwais, action movie stars from Indonesia who participates on the Hollywood stage. It is known that the Betawi-blooded actor has been practicing Three-Berantai Silat for approximately 20 years. He mentioned that martial arts were inherited from his grandfather who was none other than a trainer at an institute that studied Three Chains Silat. This provision then brought him to become the third winner of the 2003 Jakarta Inter-University Regional Silat Championship and the Best Performance in the Single Adult Category at the 2005 Cibubur Pencak Silat Festival. His career path continued by participating in several foreign martial arts competitions, such as Russia, Laos, France, and England. The film Merantau (2009) an action film starring Iko eventually brought him into the action film industry, both at home and abroad.
Friend of Culture, Silat Tiga Berantai is said to be a legacy of the martial arts game of Jakarta's historical figure, namely Prince Jayakarta which was then passed on and developed by his heirs and generations after. The Three Chains martial arts school was founded by H. Achmad Bunawar (H. Mamak) in 1974. The martial arts consists of three major schools of silat, namely Si Macan, Si Shoot, and Si Karet. The Tiger is a martial art that is owned and inherited by Prince Jayakarta. Its characteristic is a finger claw attack with a strong internal power base. In combat, claws are used to attack the enemy's weak points, such as the eyes and throat.
The Shoot is a martial art inherited from Prince Sugiri, a relative of Prince Jayakarta. His trademark is to use the palms of both hands with a straight body position and a strong stance. The open palm punches and energized are carried out quickly and repeatedly with both arms hitting each other, causing a sound. While Si Karet is a martial arts which is an amalgamation of various streams. The character's movements are fast and hard and have a variety of attacks and movements. The sects that formed it, among others, were the Kebon Manggis school of H Solihin, the Cikaret school of West Java, the Mak Inem Pengasinan school of Karawang, and the Serak of Pak Muhin in Tenabang.
With such a rich martial arts heritage, it is not surprising that Tiga Berantai has become a well-respected martial arts school. The Three Chains institute is said to be one of the founding universities of the Indonesian Pencak Silat Association (IPSI). In some silat championships, often those who follow the Three Berantai Silat win the Pencak silat tournament, both at home and abroad.

Sabeni Silat
The name of this silat genre is taken from the name of its founder, Bang Sabeni. He is a Betawi figure who is also a legendary silat warrior in Jakarta, apart from Pitung and Jampang. He was born around the 1860s in Kebon Pala, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta to parents named Chanam and Piyah. In the area where he was born, Sabeni is active in teaching martial arts to young people.
The name Sabeni became a conversation when he defeated Murtado, a silat warrior in the Kemayoran area who was often nicknamed the Kemayoran Tiger. It is said that at that time Sabeni wanted to propose to Murtado's daughter, but the condition was that he must be able to defeat the Kemayoran champion in a silat duel. The conditions were accepted and in the silat duel, Sabeni managed to defeat Murtado.
After Bang Sabeni died, this silat style was inherited and passed on by his son, M. Ali Sabeni, and continued to his grandson, namely Zulbachtiar bin M. Ali Sabeni. Until now, the flow of Sabeni silat continues to be preserved. The various styles of the Sabeni silat style are known for their speed and practicality. One of its characteristics is the tight game and very fast hand movements.
Characteristically, Silat Sabeni has 15 stroke techniques. Among other things, I, Kotek, Sikut, Tampar Monyet, Sendok, Pulir, China 1 and China 2, Genggang, Tangkis Sangkolan/Pukulan Lawan, Kelabang Nyebrang, Empat Kalima Pancer, Longok, Merak Ngigel, Naga Ngerem and Selat Bumi.
Especially for the Kelabang Nyebrang stance, it is a movement that chases the opponent quickly like a centipede chasing its prey in a tortuous manner, combined with fast, non-stop hand play accompanied by occasional slashes of the right and left legs in turn. This Crossing Centipede Kick, if done with flexibility and high speed, will indeed be very difficult to deal with because the concentration of the opponent is divided between facing attacks from above and avoiding the slashes of the legs so as not to fall.
Meanwhile, the Merak Ngigel stance imitates the movement of the Peacock who is dancing in love, spreading his tail feathers while shaking his butt (ngigel) to the right and left. This move is usually used for very close combat.
The Selat Bumi moves are the core moves in the Sabeni Silat. This technique is an amalgamation of all the basic moves that are played with a very low stance (almost squatting) with the direction of foot movement based on the cardinal directions. This stance begins with a low stance, followed by other moves. This move has a high level of difficulty. Given, that the energy and movement techniques must be able to slam the opponent with a slash of the leg in a very low stance.
Although the Sabeni Silat school focuses on hand-to-hand games, in a variety of development techniques, weapons are also introduced as tools. The weapons commonly used are Golok and Cuki, or a long cloth such as a shawl wrapped around the waist or draped around the neck, which serves to slash the opponent's hand or leg and take the opponent's weapon. The conditions for using the two weapons are after all silat students have completed the basic moves and techniques for developing a combination of moves.

Silo Silat or Silau Macan
This Betawi Silau Macan style of silat originates from Condet, East Jakarta. The martial art was introduced by a legendary Betawi warrior, Entong Fat from Condet. For the Betawi people who live in Condet, Entong Gendut is a hero who is known to have fought against the policies of the Dutch colonial government when arbitrarily imposed high taxes on residents. As mentioned, Entong Fat is also known to know kanuragan, or immune to bullets and magic machetes which became weapons against the Dutch military. Due to tax policies that disturbed the population, Entong Gendut and his troops stormed Vila Nova on April 5, 1916. The place was inhabited by a Dutch landlord, Lady Rollinson. The location is in Tanjung Timur, formerly often called Tandjoeng Oost. The building is precisely located in the police dormitory complex, Gedong Village, Pasar Rebo, East Jakarta. When the Dutch mobilized reinforcements from Batavia, the resistance of Entong Fat and his troops were crushed. There are various versions of the story about Entong Fat's trail after the Vila Nova raid. There is a version that says that Entong Gendut was shot by Dutch troops at Batu Ampar Condet. There is also a version that states that Entong Fat's body was dumped into the sea by the Dutch. While other versions say Entong Fat's body disappeared or disappeared.
Apart from that, the Silau Macan silat technique inherited by Entong Fat is still being continued and developed by his descendants. The peculiarity of the Silau Macan silat style is the character of its movement which does not recognize kicks. Another characteristic is the low horses. In the past, beginners trained horses to be strong under the table. Another uniqueness is the technique of hand locking the opponent's movement. It is said that there are other silat styles inherited by Entong Fat, namely Cimacan and Cikalong Silat.

Mustika Kwitang Silat or Kwitang Silat
Kwitang silat is believed to have been inherited by the family ancestor of Haji Muhammad Zaelani. This Betawi martial art is influenced by Chinese martial arts. Generally, from various versions of the story, Silat Kwitang is a product of cultural acculturation between Betawi and Chinese martial arts. It is said that the Chinese martial arts school was brought by a healer or shiense from China named Kwe Tang Kiam who later landed in Batavia in the 17th century. Then he chose to live and settle in the Pasar Senen area, Central Jakarta.
Besides being good at concocting medicines from natural ingredients, Kwe Tang Kiam is also proficient in martial arts. According to G.J Nawi (2016) in his book entitled Maen Punch Pencak Silat Typical Betawi, Tang Kiam is an assistant and student of Kam Siok, a Kuntao martial arts warrior from Hokkien or South China.
Once upon a time, Kwe Tang Kiam had tried the martial arts of Muhammad Zaelani's ancestor who was also a Betawi Silat warrior. From the story from generation to generation, Muhammad Zaelani's grandfather managed to defeat Tang Kiam. The grandfather of Muhammad Djaelani is said to know martial arts playing punches with the Prince Ax, as well as mysticism. The two became friends and Tang Kiam taught Kuntao martial arts. It is very possible that the modification of the two styles of silat was later called Kwitang Silat. At first, the grandfather only taught his silat knowledge to his family. In development, it seems that the public's interest is quite large. To accommodate this interest, Zaelani founded the Kwitang style of martial arts institute on September 27, 1948, to coincide with the PON I National Sports Week in Solo. This school was then passed on to his grandson, Haji Muhammad Zakaria Abdulrachim. At PON II, Zakaria appeared as an athlete. At that time, Pencak silat officially became one of the branches being competed. In the art number that was contested, Zakaria came out as the champion.

The hallmark of the Mustika Kwitang silat style is the medium stance, and strong moves accompanied by fast, hard, and powerful throwing techniques. There are three main moves in the Mustika Kwitang martial arts school. First, the Basic Empty Hand Kick, which is divided into eight (8) moves, namely: (i) Side strokes; (ii) Kicks for hitting straight to the stomach and blocking punches to the stomach; (iii) Kick movement of straight strokes to the face and parries to the face; (iv) Sideways strokes and kick parries or Lok Bee; (v) The move to catch the opponent's blow and reply with a sideways blow; (vi) Movement moves to catch the opponent's blow and reply with elbows and punches; (vii) Side strokes and sideways and elbow strokes; (viii) Kick catch and break.
Second, the empty hand core stance is divided into nine (9) moves. This move is an advanced technique after the fighter has mastered the basic, empty-handed moves perfectly. The ten moves consist of; (i) Shooting or consecutive strokes; (ii) Piong; (iii) Wave 1; (iv) Wave 2; (v) Wave 3; (vi) Wave 4; (vii) Wave 5; (viii) Wave 6; (ix) Dragon swimming moves.
The third is the stance of the weapon. After mastering the basic moves and core moves and passing the exam given by the trainer, the fighter will be given weapon moves. This stance consists of 5 techniques using weapons, including (i) Knife stance; (ii) Kick machete; (iii) Kick toya; (iv) Kick pool; (v) Taichu Kick.
It is known, until now the martial arts institute Mustika Kwitang has seven branches throughout Jakarta. The fighters have also spread to Medan, Makassar, Pekalongan, and other areas in Indonesia. The flow was then also in demand by the foreign community. Zakaria, as the heir of Kwitang Silat, was invited as a guest several times to Pencak silat events held in England, France, and Malaysia. Reportedly, Kwitang Silat was then developed in London and France.

Pusaka Djakarta Silat
The peculiarity of the Pusaka Djakarta silat school lies in the technique of moving the hands and feet quickly, so as not to allow the opponent to strike back. This martial arts institute was formed by the Betawi silat maestro, Haji Sanusi or popularly called Babe Uci. He and his colleagues founded the Pusaka Djakarta silat school in 1957. Initially, this silat school was named the Putera Djakarta Pusaka Silat Pencak Silat (PPD). However, at the suggestion of Babe Uci's teacher, teacher Mursadi, the name of the institute was changed to Pencak Silat Pusaka Djakarta (PSPD). The Djakarta Heritage Silat institute is located at Jalan Dr. Saharjo, RT 09/10, No. 15, South Manggarai Village, Tebet, South Jakarta. In that place too, Babe Uci lived. Because there is no fixed place to practice silat, the fighters usually use the field or the village office yard.
As reported by the Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Diplomacy, the Directorate General of Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, every move taught at this institute comes from Prince Pakpak, the grandson of Sunan Gunung Jati. It is known, that Prince Pakpak taught his martial arts from generation to generation to his students and then to Babe Uci. As is known, Sunan Gunung Jati besides being the King of the Cirebon Sultanate (1482-1568) was one of the Songo guardians who spread Islamic da'wah in the Cirebon area.
If you look at the sanad of knowledge, it is not surprising that every silat movement and movement in PSPD is thick with the principles of Islamic teachings. In addition to learning self-defense, Pusaka Djakarta's Pencak silat also always teaches Islamic teachings in every practice. Such as performing ablution and praying two rak'ahs of sunnah and praying before starting regular practice. The training and recitation methods in the PSPD institute make each member have a moral and religious element. Babe Uci always advises on training. The advice that is always given is to always maintain morals, maintain the prayer, and always respect the elders and respect the younger ones.
In its training, PSPD institute does not charge a penny to its students. Babe Uci always strictly forbids that the education and teaching of silat are not for enriching oneself. The ban on charging fees is also a message that has been passed down from generation to generation from his silat teacher Babe Uci. For Babe Uci, the prayers and prayers of the students have become a reward and a field of reward for him to provide for the afterlife.
Launching the Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Education and Culture re, PSPD institute has a routine training schedule every week. That is on Friday night Ba'da Isha. Usually, the early children start the exercise until nine o'clock in the evening. After that, the adults who practice and usually practice silat until midnight.
Until now, PSPD has hundreds of students divided into 13 branches and spread across the Greater Jakarta area. The branch of the silat institute consists of; 1) Manggarai Branch; 2) Menteng Dalem Branch; 3) Rawajati Branch; 4) Red Rock Branch; 5) Kalibata Branch; 6) Pulo Branch; 7) Ketapang twigs; 8) Fat Twigs; 9) Fatahillah Branch; 10) Branch of Al Ikhlas; 11) Branch of Al Hikmah; 12) Pekojan twigs; and 13) Cimanggis Branch.

Troktok Silat
This style of silat was introduced by Haji Dilun bin Syairan bin Madi or familiarly called Kong Haji Dilun. He developed the science of Troktok Silat in Ulujami, Pesanggrahan, South Jakarta. Kong Haji Dilun who lived around the years 1843-to 1963 brought the martial art after learning it through his teacher, Guru Marzuki from Rawakidang Tangerang. Master Marzuki gait apart from being a silat expert, is also known as a leading cleric in Betawi who lived during his life with the habaib cleric, Habib Ali Al-Habsyi, Kwitang.
Based on the Intangible Cultural Heritage, the Directorate General of Culture, Ministry of Education and Culture explained that Troktok silat is often referred to as "Step" or "Ronce". Kong H Dilun is the first batch of students from Ulujami to study this style of silat. Then he passed it down to his children, one of whom was H.M.Syukri. Kong H Dilun's steps to study with Guru Marzuki were then followed by several family members and other relatives from Ulujami. They include Ki yet or H.Hablum, Ki Inan and Kong Awih (Peninggaran Cipulir).
In the past, the people of the Petukangan area and its surroundings were called the Troktok silat Step silat. Therefore, the mention of the name Step and the name Troktok is combined into Step Troktok. It is called silat Steps because it runs its silat moves while walking. The peculiarity of the Step Troktok silat style is that it always attacks with hands that move dynamically to the left and right which follow each other to the defense area or the opponent's weak point.
To accommodate the development and preservation of the Step Troktok silat, H. M Syukri's son, Muhammad Nasri, founded the Step Troktok Betawi Silat institute or abbreviated as Si Belatok in 1983. The Si Belatok institute is located at Jalan Haji Dilun RT 002, RW 05, No. 17, Ulujami Pesanggrahan, South Jakarta.
Currently, Si Belatok institute has spread the knowledge of Step Troktok silat through formal education, namely in schools, from elementary to middle level. The distribution is done through extracurricular activities.
The Troktok Step Silat begins with the Wind Kick and continues with the introduction of four (4) basic moves consisting of 1) Kick Kick; 2) Deprok Kick; 3) Kick Kancut/Snaps; 4) Kick Braids/Seliwa. After that proceed to the introduction of the Step technique whose composition consists of 1) Step 2 Brackets; 2) Step 3 Brackets; 3) Step 4 Totok or Colong; 4) Step 5 which is divided into 2 parts, namely: a) Step 5 Sangkol and b) Step 5 Drops, and; 5) Step 1, also divided into two parts, namely: a) Step 1 Silo Macan; and b) Step 1 Sift.
When all the prefix and basic moves have been fully mastered, then the next stage is the technique of welcoming gestures. Here are some moves in the technique or welcome movement; 1) Snooze/Snaps; 2) Broken leg; 3) strangling; 4) Cutouts; 5) Seams; 6) (n)jiret; 7) Broken waist; 8) Junjang; 9) Balance; 10) Foot slash; and 11) Weir.